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In vitro transformation of paralytic shellfish toxins in the clams Mya arenaria and Protothaca staminea

From National Research Council Canada

DOIResolve DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2005.05.005
AuthorSearch for: 1; Search for: 2; Search for: 3
Affiliation
  1. National Research Council of Canada. NRC Genomics and Health Initiative
  2. National Research Council of Canada. NRC Institute for Marine Biosciences
  3. National Research Council of Canada. Industrial Research Assistance Program
FormatText, Article
SubjectCarbamoylase; clamsc Mya arenaria; paralytic shellfish toxins; Protothaca staminea
Abstract
Dissected tissues of two clam species, the Pacific littleneck, Protothaca staminea, and soft-shell, Mya arenaria, were evaluated for in vitro conversion of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins. Tissue homogenates were incubated with purified PSP toxins to determine the time-course of toxin conversion. The effects of boiling and addition of a natural reductant (glutathione) on toxin conversion were also assessed. For P. staminea, the digestive gland showed the greatest capacity for biotransformation, followed by gill, but mantle, adductor muscle, and siphon tissues exhibited very low conversion. In this species, the production of decarbamoyl derivatives was much greater from low potency N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins than from carbamate analogues. Decarbamolyation exhibited apparent specificity for ?-epimers of all toxin substrates and this reaction was inhibited by boiling. Glutathione-mediated desulfation was tissue specific and had apparent specificity for ?-epimers. These observations on P. staminea suggest that the above reactions are enzyme-mediated. In contrast, there was little toxin conversion in M. arenaria homogenates, but even this low activity was heat-labile and thus likely enzyme-mediated.
Publication date
In
  • Harmful Algae 5, no. 1 (January 2006): 79–90.
LanguageEnglish
Peer reviewedYes
NRC numberNRCC 55548
1511
NPARC number3538137
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Record identifier4375b784-c498-4c54-b0bb-2fd9e050e168
Record created2009-03-01
Record modified2020-04-22
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