| Résumé | The interplay between the intestinal microbiota and host is critical to intestinal ontogeny and homeostasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may be an underlying link. Intestinal miRNAs are microbiota-dependent and, when shed in the lumen, affect resident microorganisms. Yet, longitudinal relationships between intestinal tissue miRNAs, luminal miRNAs, and luminal microorganisms have not been elucidated, especially in early life. Here, we investigated the postnatal cecal miRNA and microbiota populations, their relationship, and their impact on intestinal maturation in specific pathogen-free mice; we also assessed if they can be modified by intervention with allochthonous probiotic lactobacilli. We report that cecal and cecal content miRNA and microbiota signatures are temporally regulated, correlated, and modifiable by probiotics with implications for intestinal maturation. These findings help understand causal relationships within the gut ecosystem and provide a basis for preventing and managing their alterations in diseases throughout life. |
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