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Impact of residential building regulations on reducing indoor exposures to outdoor PM₂.₅ in Toronto

DOITrouver le DOI : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.03.010
AuteurRechercher : 1; Rechercher :
Affiliation
  1. Conseil national de recherches Canada. Construction
FormatTexte, Article
SujetBuilding codes; Climate control; Cost effectiveness; Housing; Public health; Retrofitting; Building envelopes; Exposure modeling; Exposure reduction; Infiltration rate; Monetary valuations; Outdoor PM₂.₅; Residential building; Cost benefit analysis; air conditioning; building; compliance; cost-benefit analysis; morbidity; mortality; particulate matter; public health; regulatory framework; ventilation; Ontario [Canada]; Toronto
Résumé
We conducted a cost benefit analysis of residential building regulations on reducing the exposure to outdoor PM₂.₅ in Toronto. By combining a combined mass balanced model, a time-weighted activity exposure model, epidemiological based concentration-response, and monetary valuation method, various morbidity and mortality outcomes were estimated for different residential building scenarios. It was found that retrofitting residential buildings to comply with minimum building code regulations can save US$2.3 billion/year in health care. Citywide adoption of R2000 standard from current housing corresponds to US$3.8 billion/year. Use of mechanical HVAC systems, improved filtration (with recirculation) and tighter building envelope (lower infiltration rate) were noted as the key factors that influence PM₂.₅ exposure reductions and health impacts. Estimated costs of retrofitting existing homes to adopt these regulations were about 2.3-2.9 times of the health savings. Citywide use of filters with better efficiency is anticipated to lead to annual health savings significantly exceeding the capital and running costs.
Date de publication
Maison d’éditionElsevier
Dans
  • Building and Environment 89 : 336–344.
Langueanglais
Publications évaluées par des pairsOui
Numéro NPARC21275632
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Identificateur de l’enregistrement73eaa50c-3c5d-49c8-be8f-5f965761ebfa
Enregistrement créé2015-07-14
Enregistrement modifié2020-04-22

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