Electrolyte-gated field effect transistors in biological sensing: a survey of electrolytes

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DOI	Resolve DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JEDS.2021.3082420
Author	Search for: Wang, Guan Ying¹ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1459-1852; Search for: Lian, Keryn ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2821-1278; Search for: Chu, Ta-Ya¹ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2114-5914
Affiliation	National Research Council of Canada. Advanced Electronics and Photonics
Funder	Search for: National Research Council Canada; Search for: Ontario Graduate Scholarship; Search for: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Format	Text, Article
Subject	biological sensing; electrolyte dielectrics; polymer electrolytes; printed electronics; thin film transistor; electrolytes; biosensors; logic gates; capacitance; sensors; ions; liquids
Abstract	Low operating voltages, rapid response, and high-throughput fabrication compatibility are key advantages for the development of electrolyte-gated field effect transistors (EGFETs) for biological sensing. Among the key components in EGFET biosensors, electrolyte materials are relatively less investigated, especially alternatives to water-based liquid electrolytes such as ionic liquids, ion gels, polyelectrolytes, and solid polymer electrolytes. These electrolytes enable portable devices and environmental stability superior to their water-based liquid alternatives. In this review, we offer an up-to-date evaluation of the state of EGFET research and gauge the strengths and limitations of high-performance electrolytes for use in EGFET biosensor applications as well as the potential for computer-aided design of such sensing platforms. The recent progress of EGFET biosensors for some popular analytes are reviewed and the performance of these alternative electrolytes in transistor biosensing is assessed. The challenges and opportunities for electrolytes in EGFETs are discussed for future research directions in this field.
Publication date	2021
Publisher	IEEE
Licence	Creative Commons, Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In	IEEE Journal of the Electron Devices Society 9 (2021): 939–950.
Language	English
Peer reviewed	Yes
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Record identifier	f9113bf8-0f06-49a3-8e47-d8feab6c8512
Record created	2022-10-07
Record modified	2025-11-03

Date modified:: 2025-11-17