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Lock-in amplitude-phase correlations in coherent Raman microscopy: application to lithium ores

From National Research Council Canada

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DOIResolve DOI: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3042075
AuthorSearch for: ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0463-3900; Search for: 1ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-3968; Search for: ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9657-9755; Search for: ; Search for: ; Search for: ; Search for: 2ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3334-227X; Search for: 3ORCID identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-3678
EditorSearch for: Brown, Thomas G.; Search for: Wilson, Tony; Search for: Waller, Laura
Affiliation
  1. National Research Council Canada. Digital Technologies
  2. National Research Council Canada. Metrology Research Centre
  3. National Research Council Canada. Quantum and Nanotechnologies
FormatText, Article
ConferenceThree-Dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing XXXII, January 29-30, 2025, San Francisco, California, United States
SubjectStimulated Raman Scattering microscopy; nonlinear optical microscopy; pump-probe microscopy; SRS microscopy background processes; Spectral Focusing; Lock-In Amplification; Amplitude-Phase correlations
Abstract
In Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) Microscopy, which is typically based on modulation transfer techniques, the Lock-In amplitude and phase provide easily measured, complementary information. This information characterizes both the strength of a signal and the lifetime of the underlying process on a per-pixel basis. Despite these advantages, interpreting the phase information becomes challenging when several nonlinear optical processes occur simultaneously, as is particularly noticeable when pump-probe type signals are present. Here, we use spectral focusing SRS Microscopy to characterize a lithium ore sample. Spectral focusing SRS microscopy is based on linearly chirping the input pulses so as to achieve high Raman spectral resolution through the narrowed instantaneous bandwidth. By scanning the inter-pulse time delay, the instantaneous difference frequency and consequently, the Raman shift probed is tuned. Unfortunately, this also makes the process sensitive to delayed pump-probe signals, as shown here for lithium ore samples. We show that by using both phase and amplitude lock-in amplifier information, we can fully characterize the competing nonlinear processes which contribute during a pump-probe time-delay scan.
Publication date
PublisherSociety of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
Licence
  • Copyright 2025 Society of Photo‑Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this publication for a fee or for commercial purposes, and modification of the contents of the publication are prohibited.
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In
  • Three-Dimensional and Multidimensional Microscopy: Image Acquisition and Processing XXXII, 1332503 (19 March 2025): 1–7.
Series
  • Proceedings of SPIE 13325.
LanguageEnglish
Peer reviewedYes
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Record identifierd7678c4e-39f2-4181-9e7a-ee3c32941163
Record created2025-05-06
Record modified2025-05-06
Date modified: