| Abstract | The behaviour of grounded rubble subjected to forces from floating ice was studied in an ice modelling basin. Twodimensional fresh (unconsolidated) and consolidated rubble pile-ups were examined. The test set-up consisted of a horizontal submerged berm, a vertical plane representing a structure and two plexiglass sidewalls. Forces were applied to the pile-ups using model ice sheets and a rigid indentor. Forces acting on the pile-up, the berm and the structure were measured. Thus, force apportioning between the berm and the structure was determined. The portion of forces transmitted to the structure decreased with increasing pile-up size. The ratio of horizontal to vertical forces on the berm was relatively small, indicating that friction was not fully developed at the rubble/berm interface. Results for both fresh and consolidated pile-ups were similar. |
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