| Abstract | This paper contains a review of technologies employed in the literature to provide data on ice conditions that a ship may encounter in seconds to minutes. Masters use a variety of information to assess the conditions facing their ship. This information is used assess ice severity and to decide how the ship will navigate the ice confronting it while avoiding damage to the ship, besetting, etc. Typically, this assessment is made by the officer in charge with significant levels of experience needed to assess and navigate severe ice conditions. A challenge in allowing autonomy or decision-support for navigation of ice-covered waters is providing ice severity data that feeds decision-making algorithms. Since no sensor technology can provide a complete measurement, an ice sensor suite is envisioned as a set of sensors that measure the ice surrounding the ship, building a local map of ice severity, and measure the interaction between the ship and the ice, providing calibration. |
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